The urban expansion of Kathmandu Valley is affected by inadequately planned construction and uncontrolled land development. These poorly planned settlements, commonly advertised as 'plots,' stretch well beyond the ring road, causing damage to the environment.

The current decline in the real estate industry has worsened the issue, leading to the expansion of construction onto farmlands and even slopes. These quickly developed areas frequently lack fundamental infrastructure.

Moreover, the allocation of land often ignores existing regulations. For example, in Rajkulo, parcels of land are created within protected zones such as forests and public areas. Despite these breaches, it appears that there is a lack of government intervention.